俄军换将后,基辅连续3天拉响防空警报******
中新网北京10月13日电(张乃月) 近日,乌克兰多地遭到导弹攻击,首都基辅连续三天响起防空警报。普京表示,俄军根据国防部的提议和总参谋部的计划,对乌实施了密集打击。
多方指出,这些行动背后,凸显出了一个人的风格——几天前刚刚出任俄罗斯特别军事行动总指挥的苏罗维金大将。
有着“末日将军”之称的苏罗维金为何在乌宣布“大反攻”、俄进行局部动员之际被任用?他有哪些与众不同之处?
此时发起猛攻,俄军意欲为何?
10月10日以来,乌克兰持续遭到导弹攻击,防空警报不断。多个地区的基础设施遭到打击,首都基辅开始轮流停电。
根据乌克兰方面的说法,10日俄军共发射了83枚导弹,其中45枚被乌防空部队拦截;11日,乌克兰总统泽连斯基称,当日上午俄军再次发射28枚导弹,其中20枚被乌军击落,此外乌军还击落不少无人机。
俄罗斯总统普京10日表示,俄军当天对使用远程高精度空基、海基及陆基武器对乌克兰能源、军事指挥和通信设施目标进行了密集打击。
资料图:当地时间2022年10月10日,乌克兰首都基辅市中心爆炸导致汽车燃烧。俄军为何在这个时候发起猛攻?
一方面,克里米亚大桥爆炸事件后,普京在联邦安全会议上向乌克兰发出警告,如果继续在俄领土实施“恐袭”,俄将作出“与俄受威胁水平相当的”强硬回应。
另一方面,英国《金融时报》分析称,普京在讲话中提到的打击,是“根据俄国防部的提议并根据俄总参谋部的计划”实施的,这番言论,自然指向了不久前刚被任命为特别军事行动总指挥的“强硬派将军”谢尔盖•苏罗维金。
乌克兰情报部门官员也表示,近期对乌克兰各地的打击“是他(苏罗维金)的风格”,这位新将打算展示出一些“立竿见影的效果”。
资料图:普京与苏罗维金(左)。普京祝他生日快乐,“末日将军”是谁?
英国媒体称,苏罗维金的绰号是“猛将”和“大决战将军”,俄罗斯媒体则叫他“末日将军”。这位10月11日刚过完56岁生日的将军,还接到了俄罗斯总统普京的生日贺电。
据俄新社介绍,这位俄罗斯陆军将军出生在新西伯利亚,曾以优异的成绩毕业于伏龙芝军事学院和俄联邦武装力量总参谋部军事学院。
苏罗维金1983年参军,俄罗斯卫星网称其为“一位真正的俄罗斯军官”。车臣领导人卡德罗夫也盛赞苏罗维金,称“从未怀疑过他的果断和专业精神”。正是由于能够做出艰难和非常规决定,他被称作“末日将军”。
他的履历扎实,指挥过连、营、团、师,历任俄第20集团军司令,东部军区司令。2017年,被任命为俄空天军总司令。2021年获得大将军衔。
苏罗维金拥有丰富的军事经验,曾负伤三次,被授予圣乔治勋章、勇气勋章和“军事功勋”多项荣誉。他参加过第二次车臣战争,也曾在叙利亚指挥俄罗斯军队。此前,苏罗维金在特别军事行动中指挥俄军“南方”部队集群。
《纽约时报》称苏罗维金是一位“以冷酷著称,且曾在复杂战争中长期作战的将军”。美国的国防研究机构则将形容他“是一个相当无情的指挥官”“脾气暴躁”。乌克兰国防部情报局局长布达诺夫曾评价他“知道如何与轰炸机和导弹打交道”。
2017年6月9日,苏罗维金在国防部会议上发言。这位既“冷酷”又“经验丰富”的大将为何能在这个时候成为俄罗斯特别军事行动的总指挥?
BBC评论称,由于近期乌军在东部和南部地区展开反攻,俄军补给线克里米亚大桥又发生爆炸,俄总统普京面临内部压力,苏罗维金和空袭行动在一定程度上是“普京对鹰派的回应”。
根据《每日邮报》和德国《FOCUS》杂志的分析,目前俄武装部队存在陆、海、空不协调的问题,苏罗维金虽然是陆军将军,但也曾指挥过空军。这或许是普京选择任用他的另一个原因。
中新网评:处理核污水绝不是日本自家私事****** 中新网北京1月19日电(蒋鲤)日本政府近日称,将于2023年春夏期间开始向海洋排放经过处理的福岛第一核电站核污水。日本罔顾国内民众及周边国家的屡屡反对,企图将核污水“一倒了之”,把一件关乎全球海洋生态环境和公众健康的事当成了自家私事。 资料图:日本福岛第一核电站。2011年,福岛核电站事故发生后,大量放射性物质泄漏到大气层和太平洋,对周围环境造成了难以逆转的伤害,数十万人被迫撤离该地区。时至今日,作为日本邻国之一的韩国仍未解除福岛海鲜禁令。 日本以核污水存储能力即将达到上限为由,在2021年4月13日,正式决定将福岛第一核电站核污水排入太平洋。过去一年多,日本政府和东京电力公司一直在持续推进核污水排海计划。 日本政府辩称,这些核污水经多核素处理系统(ALPS)处理后很安全,甚至“可以喝”,这样的表态无疑在愚弄大众。 事实上,经过处理的核污水仍含有多种放射性物质,核污水一旦排放入海就无法回收,长期来看,将会给海洋生态带来难以估量的潜在威胁,最终危害人类健康。 因此,核污水排海计划推出后,遭到日本民众强烈反对。日本《朝日新闻》2022年3月公布的问卷调查显示,福岛县、宫城县和岩手县受访的42个市町村长中,约六成反对东京电力公司福岛第一核电站核污水排放入海。日本全国渔业协会联合会也多次申明立场,反对该计划。 日本政府认为,核污水排海是最便宜、最省事的解决方案,但此举却将周边国家乃至全世界置于核污染风险中。太平洋非日本一家之海,核污水会随着洋流流动,其影响势必会跨越国界,危害周边国家乃至整个国际社会的公共福祉和利益。 《韩国经济新闻》发文称,相关研究认为,福岛核污水如果排放入海,约7个月后将到达济州等韩国海域,该国水产业和旅游业将遭受相当大的损失。 德国南极海洋机构也曾发出警告,若日本将所有核污水排入海中,不到半年,整个太平洋都将面临高度辐射威胁,包括远在大洋另一端的美国。太平洋地区人民更是对日本该计划持反对意见。 日本作为《联合国海洋法公约》缔约国,有义务保护海洋环境。然而,在核污水排海方案的正当性、核污水数据的可靠性、净化装置的有效性、环境影响的不确定性等问题上,日本未能作出科学、可信的说明。 国际原子能机构技术工作组虽已三次赴日实地考察评估,但尚未就日排海方案的安全性给出结论,并且对日本提出诸多澄清要求和整改意见。在此情况下,日本仍执意推进核污水排海工程建设,这是极不负责任的行为。 太平洋不是日本的下水道,日本必须正视各方合理关切,在与周边国家等相关利益方和国际原子能机构充分协商后,制定合理的核污水处理方案。日本也要着眼长远,若只顾眼前,执意将核污水排放入海,不仅其自身,周边国家乃至全世界都将为之买单,其后果必将会危害数代人。 Fukushima water disposal by no means Japan’s own business By John Lee (ECNS) -- Japan has announced it will release treated wastewater from the wrecked Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant into the Pacific Ocean this year. Although Fukushima wastewater disposal affects global marine ecological environment protection and public health, Japan has turned a deaf ear to domestic and international opposition to dumping the contaminated water into the sea, treating the "global" matter as its own business. The Fukushima accident in 2011 had sent large quantities of radiation into the atmosphere and the Pacific Ocean, causing irreversible damage to the surrounding environment, and hundreds of thousands of people were forced to evacuate the area. South Korea still maintains its import ban on Japanese seafood from areas affected by the Fukushima nuclear disaster. On April 13, 2021, Japan announced it had decided to discharge contaminated radioactive wastewater in Fukushima Prefecture into the sea due to dwindling storage space, with the Japanese government and plant operator Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings Inc. promoting the release plan over the past year. The Japanese government argues that the water treated by an advanced liquid processing system, or ALPS, is safe and drinkable, which is undoubtedly fooling the public. In fact, the treated wastewater still includes a variety of radioactive substances and can’t be recycled once discharged into the sea, which will pose a great threat to marine ecology and ultimately endanger human health in the long run. Therefore, the discharge plan has been strongly opposed in Japan. According to a questionnaire conducted by The Asahi Shimbun, nearly 60 percent of mayors of 42 municipalities in Iwate, Miyagi and Fukushima prefectures oppose the discharge plan. The National Fisheries Cooperative Federation of Japan has also repeatedly stated its opposition in public. The Japanese government believes that dumping Fukushima wastewater into the sea is the cheapest and most convenient solution, but neighboring countries and even the whole world will be at risk of nuclear pollution. The Pacific Ocean doesn’t belong to Japan and the wastewater flow along oceanic currents will surely break boundaries and endanger public welfare and the interests of neighboring countries and even the international community. The Korea Economic Daily reported that related research concluded that if contaminated water from Fukushima is released into the ocean, it would only take seven months for the contaminated water to reach the shores of Jeju Island, with the country's aquaculture and tourism suffering considerable losses. According to the calculation of a German marine scientific research institute, radioactive materials will spread to most of the Pacific Ocean within half a year from the date of discharge, and the U.S. and Canada will be affected by nuclear pollution. People in the Pacific region also oppose the discharge plan. As a participant of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, Japan has the obligation of protecting the marine environment. However, it hasn’t offered a full and convincing explanation on issues like the legitimacy of the discharge plan, the reliability of data on the nuclear-contaminated water, the efficacy of the treatment system or the uncertainty of environmental impact. Though the IAEA has yet to complete a comprehensive review after three investigations in Japan, the Japanese side has been pushing through the approval process for its discharge plan and even started building facilities for the discharge. It is rather irresponsible for Japan to act against public opinion at home and concerns abroad. The Pacific Ocean is not a private Japanese sewer. The country must seriously heed the voices of the international community and make a reasonable plan for the Fukushima wastewater disposal after full consultation with stakeholders and international agencies. If it only seeks instant interest and insists on discharging the contaminated water into the sea, not only itself, but also its neighboring countries and the entire world will pay for the decision and several generations will be forced to bear the consequence.
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